Perthes Disease: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

Perthes Disease is a condition that affects the hip joint in children. It occurs when blood supply to the ball part of the hip joint is temporarily disrupted, leading to bone death and possible deformity. Although rare, it's significant as it can cause pain, limping, and affect hip movement. Perthes Disease typically affects children between 4 to 8 years old. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to prevent long-term complications and ensure proper hip development. If you notice any symptoms in your child, consult a healthcare provider promptly.

Causes of Perthes Disease

Perthes disease, also known as Legg-Calve-Perthes disease, develops mainly due to a lack of blood flow to the hip joint. This reduced blood flow can be caused by several factors, including:

• Genetic predisposition
• Trauma or injury to the hip joint
• Blood clotting disorders
• Excessive physical activity
• Endocrine disorders affecting bone growth

Symptoms of Perthes Disease

Recognizing the symptoms of Perthes Disease early is crucial for improving outcomes. This condition affects the hip joint in children and can lead to long-term complications if not addressed promptly. Common symptoms to look out for include:

• Limping or favoring one leg
• Pain or stiffness in the hip, groin, thigh, or knee
• Decreased range of motion in the hip joint
• Difficulty walking or performing daily activities
• Shortening of the leg on the affected side

If your child experiences any of these symptoms, it is important to consult a healthcare provider for a proper evaluation and timely intervention. Early detection and treatment play a significant role in managing Perthes Disease effectively and preventing complications.

Diagnosis of Perthes Disease

Accurate diagnosis of Perthes Disease is crucial for timely treatment and better outcomes. The diagnostic process typically involves a combination of physical examination, imaging studies, and sometimes laboratory tests. Doctors may recommend the following diagnostic methods:

• Physical examination to assess hip movement and look for signs of limited range of motion
• X-rays to visualize changes in the shape of the femoral head
• MRI scans to assess the extent of bone damage and blood flow to the hip joint

Treatment Options for Perthes Disease

When it comes to treating Perthes Disease, individualized care plays a crucial role in achieving the best outcomes for each patient. Here are the main approaches to treating Perthes Disease:

Surgical Intervention

• Surgical intervention involves procedures like osteotomy or hip replacement.
• It is considered when conservative treatments fail to yield desired results.
• The primary objective is to improve hip joint function and reduce pain.
• Steps may include pre-operative assessments, the surgical procedure, and post-operative rehabilitation.

Bracing or Casting

• Bracing or casting helps in maintaining the femoral head within the hip socket.
• It aims to contain the femoral head and promote its proper growth and shape.
• The primary objective is to prevent deformity and promote healing of the hip joint.
• Phases involve fitting the brace or cast, regular monitoring, and adjustments as needed.

Physical Therapy

• Physical therapy focuses on improving hip joint range of motion and strength.
• It helps in maintaining mobility and function of the hip joint.
• The primary objective is to enhance hip muscle strength and joint flexibility.
• Phases may include initial assessment, customized exercise programs, and progress evaluations.

Prevention and Management of Perthes Disease

When it comes to preventing or managing Perthes Disease, lifestyle changes and proactive measures play a crucial role. Here's how you can take charge of your health:

Lifestyle Modifications:

• Engage in regular low-impact exercises to strengthen muscles and improve joint flexibility.
• Maintain a healthy weight to reduce stress on the hip joint.
• Eat a balanced diet rich in nutrients to support bone health.

Regular Screenings:

• Visit your orthopedic specialist for routine check-ups and screenings to monitor the condition.
• Discuss any concerns or symptoms promptly with your healthcare provider.
• Follow up on treatment plans and recommendations for optimal management.

Supportive Care:

• Use assistive devices or braces as prescribed by your healthcare provider to support the hip joint.
• Physical therapy can help improve range of motion and strengthen muscles around the hip.
• Seek emotional support or counseling if needed to cope with the challenges of managing Perthes Disease.

If you’ve been having any symptoms or worries about Perthes Disease, please reach out to our doctors. They will listen to your concerns, answer your questions and guide you through the next steps.